Mount a file system.

An example using “mount” and “fstab”

cdrom umount

Given: There is a CD in the cdrom drive. I want to eject the cd.

Couldn’t umount it like this:

bsd1 /home/backup> umount /cdrom/ umount: /cdrom: not currently mounted

So I checked the filesystem display:

bsd1 /home/backup> df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/ad0s1a 4.8G 56M 4.4G 1% / /dev/ad0s1e 984M 2.0K 906M 0% /scratch /dev/ad0s1f 224G 4.8G 201G 2% /usr procfs 4.0K 4.0K 0B 100% /proc /dev/ad1s1e 29G 693M 26G 3% /ad1s1e-backup /dev/acd0c 623M 623M 0B 100% /dist

and now I could umount the cd using /dev/acd0c:

bsd1 /home/backup> umount /dev/acd0c

the cd could not be ejected.

Inspect my disk partitioning structure:

greg-pc# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/ad0s2a 389128 35242 322756 10% / /dev/ad0s4e 5395143 853909 4109623 17% /usr procfs 4 4 0 100% /proc greg-pc#

Graft the msdos file system type, which is located at the slice /dev/ad0s1, onto my local file system tree:

greg-pc# mount -t msdos /dev/ad0s1 /mnt

Verify that the new slice is mounted:

greg-pc# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/ad0s2a 389128 35242 322756 10% / /dev/ad0s4e 5395143 853909 4109623 17% /usr procfs 4 4 0 100% /proc /dev/ad0s1 12044976 5047760 6997216 42% /mnt

List the directory contents of “/mnt”. Notice that I’ll see more contents than if I viewed the directory via a DOS or Windows command because they hide files.

Now I can copy files in and out of this DOS slice. However, remember that the text files delimit logical with the carriage returns and line feed. DOS uses two characters, whereas BSD uses only one. However, I can use a conversion routine to fix this, which is usually stored in a package called mtools. This routine enables me to add or delete the extra characters when I’m moving file back and forth:

greg-pc# ls /mnt ADOBEAPP COMPATID.TXT MSDOS.SYS WINDOWS io.sys ATI CONFIG.BAK My Documents Z2.BAT liprefs.js AUTOEXEC.BAK CONFIG.DOS My Music ZZ.EXE mp3 AUTOEXEC.BAT CONFIG.SYS NCDTREE ZZTOP.BAT npdrmv2.dll AUTOEXEC.DOS DELL NETLOG.TXT _RESTORE npdrmv2.zip AdobeWeb.log DELL.SDR OSINFO.ENG autoexec.nav npds.zip BACKUP DETLOG.TXT Program Files command.PIF npdsplay.dll BOOTLOG.PRV Dumplog.txt Recycled command.com npwmsdrm.dll BOOTLOG.TXT LOGO.SYS SCANDISK.LOG data procket CHOICE.COM MSDOS.— VIDEOROM.BIN dvd-decryption-code trash

Look at my fstab to see if I have an entry to mount the file systems on my CD-ROM drive:

greg-pc# cat /etc/fstab

Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#

/dev/ad0s3b none swap sw 0 0 /dev/ad0s2a / ufs rw 1 1 #/dev/X /scratch ufs rw 2 2 /dev/ad0s4e /usr ufs rw 2 2 /dev/acd0c /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0 proc /proc procfs rw 0 0 greg-pc#

If I entered “mount cdrom”, it would mount a CD-ROM in the drive. The “noauto” means don’t try it automatically when booting but leave it in a pseudo state, so I can manually mount the mount point if I’m root.

If I always wanted to mount my DOS slice automatically when I’m booting, create an entry in the fstab table. The first thing I want to do is create a mount point for it that is not “mnt”. The reason is that “mnt” is a good thing to have hanging around for scratch.

 1) At the top level, create a mount point, such as "mkdir dos". 
    Call it whatever I want to:

greg-pc# pwd / greg-pc# mkdir dos greg-pc# ls .cshrc cdrom etc modules stand .profile compat home proc sys COPYRIGHT dev kernel root tmp bin dist kernel.GENERIC sbin usr boot dos mnt scratch var greg-pc#

 2) In fstab, create a line like this:

Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#

/dev/ad0s1 dos msdos rw 0 0

 3) (optional) Put a commented out entry in the fstab to remind myself of the
    slice name or file type that I use to mount.

 4) Remount all the filesystems described in fstab

greg-pc# mount -a

 5) Verify that the new slice is mounted and try accessing the
    slice:

greg-pc# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/ad0s2a 389128 35261 322737 10% / /dev/ad0s4e 5395143 853909 4109623 17% /usr /dev/ad0s1 12044976 5016960 7028016 42% /dos procfs 4 4 0 100% /proc greg-pc# cd /dos greg-pc# ls ADOBEAPP Dumplog.txt _RESTORE ATI LOGO.SYS autoexec.nav AUTOEXEC.BAK MSDOS.— command.PIF AUTOEXEC.BAT MSDOS.SYS command.com AUTOEXEC.DOS My Documents data AdobeWeb.log My Music dvd-decryption-code BACKUP NCDTREE io.sys BOOTLOG.PRV NETLOG.TXT liprefs.js BOOTLOG.TXT OSINFO.ENG mp3 CHOICE.COM Program Files npdrmv2.dll COMPATID.TXT Recycled npdrmv2.zip CONFIG.BAK SCANDISK.LOG npds.zip CONFIG.DOS VIDEOROM.BIN npdsplay.dll CONFIG.SYS WINDOWS npwmsdrm.dll DELL Z2.BAT procket DELL.SDR ZZ.EXE trash DETLOG.TXT ZZTOP.BAT greg-pc#